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We measure and report our GHG emissions in line with international standards and we support and participate in the Kazakhstan carbon trading scheme.
| 2022 | 2021 | |
|---|---|---|
| Scope 1 | 580 | 539 |
| Scope 2 | 2,120 | 1,607 |
| Total | 2,700 | 2,146 |
| Copper production | 380 | 299 |
| CO2 per unit of copper produced | 7.1 | 7.2 |
| CO2 per unit of ore processed | 0.031 | 0.033 |
| Ore processed | 86,956 | 64,393 |
Absolute GHG emissions increased by 26% in 2022 to 2,700 kt (2021: 2,146 kt), with consumption of power and diesel rising as the Group extracted more ore and processed greater volumes of ore, resulting in higher Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions respectively.
The increase in throughput resulted in a reduction in the CO2-equivalent (‘CO2-e’) emitted per unit of sulphide ore processed to 0.031 tonnes (2021: 0.033), reflecting the higher efficiency of the sulphide concentrators at Aktogay and Bozshakol. The significant increase in copper output, following the exceptional ramp-up of the second sulphide concentrator at Aktogay, also led to a minor reduction in the CO2-equivalent emitted per unit of copper produced to 7.1 tonnes (2021: 7.2 tonnes). Scope 1 emissions primarily relate to mining activities at Aktogay and Bozshakol, as well as heat consumption in East Region. Increased diesel consumption in the mining fleet was the primary driver of the increase in Scope 1 emissions in 2022.
Scope 2 emissions arise from the Group’s purchase of electrical power from third party suppliers. The Group processed more ore in 2022, resulting in a 32% increase in Scope 2 emissions to 2,120 kt (2021: 1,607 kt).
| 2022 | 2021 | |
|---|---|---|
| CO2 emissions (t per $ million revenue) | 710 | 771 |
| Revenue ($m) | 3,802 | 2,784 |
| Total CO2 emissions (Scope 1 and Scope 2, kt) | 2,700 | 2,146 |
The Group’s CO2-equivalent intensity by revenue in 2022 was 8% lower at 710 tonnes as total emissions increased by 26%, primarily due to an increase in ore throughput at the Group’s operations in 2022, while revenues increased by 37% as the Group benefitted from the 51% increase in copper sales, partially offset by the impact of a lower realised copper price in the year.
The Group is committed to minimising the CO2-equivalent intensity of its operations in line with its Environmental Policy. The HSS Committee is responsible for monitoring the CO2-equivalent intensity of the Group’s operations. The General Directors of the Group’s operations are responsible for implementing efficiency initiatives to minimise energy consumption at a site level. In recent years reductions in CO2-equivalent intensity have been achieved through the transition towards open pit mining using modern mining techniques.
In the longer term, the Group will seek to increase the use of renewable energy sources where possible. The Government of Kazakhstan, where the majority of the Group’s assets are located, has announced its intention to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 under its 2060 Long-Term Low-Carbon Development Strategy. Renewable energy sources will make up an increasing proportion of electricity generation over this period and coal-fired power capacity will be phased out.